Assessing the Enablers and Constraints of Implementing Total Quality Management in the University of Cape Coast

Abstract

Literature on the application of the biopsychosocial model for the management and explanation for chronic pain in sickle cell disease (SCD) and other chronic disease abound. However, there is limited research on the use of the biopsychosocial model, together with a spiritual component (biopsychosocial spiritual model). The study investigated the extent to which health-care providers utilised the biopsychosocial-spiritual model in the management of chronic pain to improve the quality of life (QoL) of patients with SCD. This study employed descriptive survey design involving a consecutive sampling of 261 patients with SCD. A researcher developed instrument for the biopsychosocial-spiritual model, the World Health Organisation Quality of Life BREF and the spirituality rating scale were used for the data collection. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations, frequencies and percentages) and partial least square structural equation modelling. The study found that health-care providers utilised the biological domain of the biopsychosocial-spiritual model more than other domains. The study also found that the level of QoL as well as spirituality of patients with SCD was quite high. A significant negative impact of spirituality on QoL was also found. Finally, biosocial domain of the biopsychosocial-spiritual model was the most significant predictor of QoL. It was recommended that policy makers should train health-care providers to integrate the psychosocial spiritual component as well as health practitioners should consider utilising this components in their treatment regime. It also recommended that authorities should intensify sickle cell education in other to strengthen awareness