Effect Of Roasted Para Rubber (Hevea Brasiliensis) Seed Kernel Meal Incorporated Feed On Growth Performance, Blood Composition, Liver And Kidney Tissue Histology Of Institute Of Cancer Research (Icr) Albino Mice

Abstract

This study examined the impact of incorporating roasted para rubber seed kernel meal (RoPRSKM) into the feed of ICR albino mice, focusing on growth performance, haematology, blood biochemistry and liver and kidney tissue histology. In this study, four experimental diets, T1, which was the control made of Koudjis feed (21% CP and 2825 kcalsME/kgDm) and T2, T3 and T4 in which ME of RoPRSKM replaced 5%, 10 and 15%, respectively of T1 metabolizable energy content were used. Using a completely randomized design, 40 male albino mice were assigned to four dietary treatments. The proximate analysis of the RoPRSKM indicated 24.8% crude protein, 9.2% crude fibre, 46.6% crude fat, 0.26 mg/kgDM hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and estimated metabolisable energy of 4405.5 kcal ME/kgDM. Inclusion of RoPRSKM in the meal showed no significant effect on the weight gain and water intake of the albino mice. Feed intake significantly reduced in mice feed on treatments T3 and T4. At the end of the experiment, Mice were chosen randomly to collect blood for analysis of haematology and blood biochemistry. Using terminal standard operating procedure, blood samples were obtained from the orbit. To determine the packed cell volume, microhematocrit centrifugation method, hemoglobin (Hb) was employed to measured spectrophotometer, red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell and manually performed using Merck Veterinary Manual.While mean corpuscular volume (MCV),mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), were calculated Blood parameters (red blood cells, white blood cells, etc.) showed no significant detrimental effects in mice fed with RoPRSKM diets as compared to the control group. In terms of blood biochemistry, the diets did not exhibit any adverse effects across all the measured parameters, except for total protein, Alkaline Phosphatase, and Globulin. These three parameters displayed statistically significant differences among all the treatment groups. After the blood samples collection, the mice were immediately euthanized humanely by cervical dislocation. The abdomen was opened by an incision along the mid-ventral line and the skin and musculature folded back to expose the internal organs. The liver and kidney samples were harvested and fixed in 10% formalin solution for a week. After that, Tissue samples were washed 24 hours under slow-speed running water, dehydrated in graded concentrations of ethanol and immersed in ethanol - xylene, xylene – paraffin1, paraffin wax I, paraffin wax II, paraffin wax III, and finally embedded in paraffin wax. 5 μm thick slices were cut from each paraffin block sample onto a glass slide, and stained with haematoxylin-eosin (HE) routinely. Tissue structure was then observed under the Hund H600 microscope, and photomicrographs were taken as images for presentation. However, the histology examination revealed no observable alterations or changes in the liver and kidney tissues of the mice when fed with RoPRSKM. The finding indicated that incorporating RoPRSKM into the diet of ICR albino mice did not have significant adverse effects on their growth, haematology, blood biochemistry, or liver and kidney tissue structure. However, some variations were observed in certain parameters, but were not significant as compared with the acceptable ranges.