Exploring quality of life of patients with allergic rhinitis at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health problem and its symptoms impose a substantial burden on the individual. Despite its chronicity and adverse outcome, allergic rhinitis remains neglected, unrecognized and mismanaged and there is scarce scientific knowledge on how allergic rhinitis impact on the quality of life of individuals in Ghana. This study explored the experiences of patients with allergic rhinitis on their quality of life. The study used descriptive qualitative study employing the purposive sampling technique to recruit patients diagnosed with Allergic Rhinitis at the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Unit of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. A face-to-face interview was conducted using a semi-structured interview guide and the data gathered was analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings of the study revealed that patients with allergic rhinitis experience several signs and symptoms once they come into contact with the triggers and this condition has effect on their psychological and socio-economic wellbeing. Physically, the participants experienced excessive sneezing, itching eyes, nose and throat, running nose and blocked nose, headache and pain in the throat, coughing, fatigue, inability to smell as well as hawking of the throat. Psychologically, participants experienced sleep and emotional disturbances, labeling, anxiety and discomfort, strained relationship with family and poor concentration. Participants also experienced socio-economic effects such as decreased productivity at workplace, increased expenditure due to drug purchase, and unsociable life style. It is therefore recommended that ENT practitioners employ interventions to enhance patients’ quality of life.