Transvaginal Echography in Assessing Cyclic Changes in Endocervix in Women of Reproductive Age

Abstract

Objective: To study the echographic semiotics of endocervix in women of reproductive age in different periods of the menstrual cycle in a transvaginal way. Materials and methods: The study included 124 gynecologically healthy women aged 19-45 years. Among the surveyed 14 (11.3 ± 2.8%) had in the history only abortions (group I), 54 (43.6 ± 4.5%) parturition (group II) and in 56 (45.1 ± 4.5 %) of women was not pregnant (group III). 8 (6.4 ± 2.2%) women of I group were aged under of 25 years, 6 (4.8 ± 1.9%)-at the age of 26-35 years. 10 (8.1 ± 2.4%) women of II group were aged under of 25 years, 26 (21.0 ± 3.7%)-at 26-35 years, 18 (14.5 ± 3.2% )-at 36-45 years respectively. 34 (27.4 ± 4.0%) women of III group were aged under of 25 years, 16 (12.9 ± 3.0%)-at 26-35 years and 6 (4.8 ± 1.9% )-at 36-45 years respectively. Results: The thickness of endocervix in women with a lack of pregnancy was 8.9 ± 1.0 mm, which is significantly (p <0.05) more than in other women. Reduced echogenicity of endocervix on the 8-10th days of the menstrual cycle was noted in 73.2 ± 5.9% of women who did not have a pregnancy, in 66.2 ± 5.7% of those who had a history of delivery. The average echogenicity was much more often observed on days 12-14 - in 69,6 ± 6,1% and 72,1 ± 5,4% of women, isoehogenicity on 21-23 days - 76,8 ± 5,6% and In 67.3 ± 5.7%, respectively. Conclusions: The greatest thickness of endocervix is observed on 12-14 days of the cycle in women with the impossibility of pregnancy. On the 8th-10th days of the cycle, the echogenicity of the endocervix is often reduced, on the 12-14 days of the middle, on the 21-23th days - isoechoic.