Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Type 2 Diabetics in the Sekondi-takoradi Metropolis, Ghana

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with several overt and covert complications. The objective of this study was to establish the prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ASB), Antimicrobial Sensitivity pattern of the bacterial isolates and associated confmmding factors leading to ASB m the Sekondi-takoradi metropolis. A cross-sectional, non-probability sampling technique was used to recruit 102 confirmed Type 2 diabetes mellitus and 23 healthy controls. Fasting blood samples were collected from both study and control participants for blood sugar analysis, midstream urine for microscopy, culture and Autibiotic Sensitivity Testing (AST). Total prevalence of ASB in this study was 26.4 with 41.9% of the total prevalence fmmd in participants with 6-10 years of diabetic history yielding a comparative significant difference in ASB in patients with longer diabetic duration. E. coli was the most prevalent bacterial isolate (15.6%) and the most resistant (62.5-100%). Tetracycline and cotrimoxazole were the least effective drugs (0%) whilst nitrofurantoin, nalidixic and gentamicin were more effective. The peak incidence of ASB in T2DM occms within age group 50-59 years and more frequently in female diabetics. T2DM patients significantly have abnormal Body Mass Index (BMI) (p 0.0022). Age, sex and BMI predispose T2DM patients to prevalence of ASB with highly resistant isolates in the Sekondi-Takoradi metropolis. These must be factored in the treatment of T2DM complications.